Technical Notes:

1. Biaryl bisphos phine ligand with narrow dihedral angle. The DM-SEGPHOS ligand, as the ruthenium complex, gives superior enantios electivity and diastereoselectivity in the asymmetric hydrogenation of a-substituted-ß-ketoesters. See 15-0066. 2.Copper catalyzed enantioselective 3 + 2 cycloaddition as a route to Y amino ketones and 3-pyrrolidinones.

3.Palladium catalyzed e nantioselective addition of malonates to dihydroisoquinolines.

4.Ruthenium catalyzod enantioselective synthesis of ß amino acids by hydroge nation

5.Ruthenium catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of 3-quinuclidinone. See 44-0098 for Ru catalyst.

6.Diastereo- and enantioselective ruthenium- catalyzed hydrohydroxyalkylation of 2-silyl-butadienes.

7.Asymmetric 2 +2+2 cycloaddition.

8.Linear selective C-H activation.

9. Ligand used in the asymmetric hydrogenation of quinoxalines, benzoxazines and Benzothiazine .